Hyper-V And Virtual Computer Expression From 2008 To 2008

From the transition from 2008 to 2012 there were many changes in respect to Hyper-V. There are distinct services which were not available in 2008 which now make it much more robust than the previous years. In 2012 Hyper-V allows for shared virtual hard disk. In doing this it is now possible to share virtual HD files (.vhdx) between multiple virtual machines. This in turn makes it possible to deploy a guest failover cluster which is no longer bound to storage topology. The shared virtual HD is an ideal use for SQL Server database files, file server services running within a Virtual Machine, or Database files which reside on shared disks. The quality of service within Hyper-V was also increased with 2012. Unlike previously, Hyper-V†¦show more content†¦These resources include display config, audio, printers, clipboard, smart cards, drivers, USB devices, and supported plug and play devices. One final addition is the implementation of automatic virtual machine activation . It is now possible to implement installs of VM on a computer where Windows Server 2012 R2 is properly activated without having to manage product keys for each individual VM. This is even in disconnected environments. The VM can be activated in remote locations and with or without an internet connection. It is possible to track VM usage and licenses from the virtualization server without requiring any access right to the virtual machines. There are some major differences between 2008 and 2012 versions of Hyper-V regarding support of memory, storage, network, and its overall manageability. In Windows Server 2008 physical memory was limited to 1TB. There were only 512 virtual processors per host and 4 per virtual machine. Memory per VM was limited to 64GB. There could only be 384 active Virtual Machines with cluster nodes of 16. Looking at the progression to 2012, the physical memory caps at 4TB. There are now 2,048 virtual processors per host and 64 per virtual machine. 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The Retail Inventory-Level Planning Free Essays

Retail Inventory-Level Planning consists of retail inventory method (RIM) which is an accounting procedure whose objectives are to maintain a perpetual. It also can book inventory in retail dollars amounts and to maintain records that make it possible to determine the cost value of the inventory at any time without taking a physical inventory. Also known as book inventory system or perpetual book inventory. We will write a custom essay sample on The Retail Inventory-Level Planning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Retailers also have another important choice to make the stock to sales ratio. The stock to sales ratio is derived directly from the planned inventory to determine monthly additions to stock in the merchandise budget plan. Retailers generally think of their inventory at retail price levels rather than at cost. Retailers use their initial markups, additional markups, and markdowns, and so forth as percentages of retail. When retailers compare their prices to competitors†, they use retail prices. The problem is that when retailers to design their financial plans, evaluate performance, and prepare financial statements, they need to know the cost value of their inventory. Retailers use physical inventories. This process is time consuming and costly. Retailers take physical inventories once or twice a year. Many retailers use point of sale terminals that keep track of every item sold its original cost, and its final selling price. The rest of the retailers face a problem of not knowing the cost value of their inventory at one time. These retailers with either computerized or manual systems can use retail inventory method. Their are five advantages for using RIM over a system of inventory at cost. The does not have to â€Å"cost† each time. When retailers have many SKUs, keeping track of each item becomes difficult and expensive. It is easier to determine the value of inventory with the retail prices marked on the merchandise than unmarked or at coded cost prices. The second advantage for using RIM is that it follows the accepted accounting principal of valuing assets at cost or market value, which is lower. This system lowers the value of inventory when markdowns are taken but does not allow inventory†s value increase with additional markups. When using RIM, the amounts and percentages of initial markups, markdowns, and shrinkage can be identified. This information can then be compared with historical records or industry norms. RIM is useful for determining shrinkage. The difference between the book inventory and the physical inventory can be attributed to shrinkage. The book inventory determined by RIM can be used in an insurance claim in case of a loss. The disadvantages of RIM are system that uses average markup. When markup percentages change during a period or when the inventory on hand at a particular time is not representative of the total goods handled in terms of markup, the resulting cost may be distorted. The inventory turnover, merchandise budget planning, open to buy, all these should be applied to the RIM category basis to avoid the problem. There are four steps in when calculating RIM. Calculate total goods handled at cost and retail, calculate retail reductions, calculate the cumulative markup and cost multiplier, and determine ending book inventory. Calculating the total goods handled in at cost and retail to determine the total goods handled at cost and retail: 1. Record beginning inventory at cost and at retail. The initial markup is reflected in the retail inventory. 2. Calculate net purchases by recording gross purchases and adjusting for merchandise returned to vendor. 3. Calculate net additional markups by adjusting gross additional markup cancellations. Note: These are recorded only at retail because markups affect only the retail value of inventory. 4. Record transportation expenses. Here transportation is recorded at cost because it affects only the cost of the inventory. 5. Calculate net transfers by recording the transfers in and out. A transfer can be from one department to another or from one store to the next. Transfers are generally made to help adjust inventory to fit demand. A transfer is, in effect, just like a purchase (transfer in) or a return (transfer out). Thus, it is recorded at both cost and retail. 6. The sum is the total goods handled. Calculating retail reductions are the transactions that reduce the value inventory at retail (except additional markup cancellations, which were included as part of the total goods handled). Reductions are calculated as follows: 1. The largest reduction in inventory is sales. Gross sales are reduced to net sales by deducting customer returns and allowances. 2. Calculate markdowns, are derived by subtracting any markdowns from gross markdowns. 3. Record discounts to employees and customers. 4. Record estimated shrinkage is used to determine the ending book inventory if the buyer has prepared an interim financial statement. Estimate shrinkage would not be included if a physical inventory were taken at the same time. The difference between physical inventory and book inventory would be the amount due to loss. Next, a retailer has to calculate the cumulative markup and the cost multiplier. The cumulative markup is the average percentage markup for the period. It is calculated like this: Cumulative markup total retail The cumulative markup can be used as a measuring stick against the planned initial markup. If the cumulative markup is higher than the planned initial markup, then the Category is doing better than expected. Cost multiplier =($100-cumulative markup %) The cost multiplier is used in the next step to determine the ending book inventory at retail price. The final step in the process is determining the ending book inventory at cost and retail. Ending book inventory at retail = total goods handled at retail – total reductions The ending book inventory at cost is determined the same way that retail has changed to cost. Ending book inventory at cost = ending book inventory at retail * cost multiplier When using the RIM retailers generally use the average beginning of month (BOM) stock to sales ratio. This is taken from the planned inventory which was taken from the RIM. This is used to determine monthly additions to stock in the merchandise budget plan. The BOM is broken down into three different methods week†s supply method, basic stock method, and percentage variation method. The week†s supply method is the inventory management method is the most similar to the stock to sales method. The difference between the two is that everything is expressed in weeks rather than months. The average BOM stock to sales ratio is equal to months in the period divided by the planned inventory for the period. â€Å"If the plan is for 12 months and planned turnover is 6, the average BOM stock to sales ratio = 12/6=2. Using the week†s supply method, 52 weeks are substituted for 12 months. Thus, 52 weeks 6 turns =8.66 weeks of supply. This means the buyer is planning to have 8.66 weeks of supply at the beginning of the month. (Of course, 8.66 weeks is equivalent to two months.)† The basic stock method is the inventory management method used to determine the BOM inventory by considering both the sales forecast for the month and the back-up stock. How to cite The Retail Inventory-Level Planning, Essay examples

The Churches View On Abortion Essay Example For Students

The Churches View On Abortion Essay Abortion is a very controversial subject that has been continually argued over for the past few years and probably many years to come. The main controversy is should abortion be legalized? Abortion is the destruction of the fetus or unborn child while the child is still in the mothers womb. This can be done by almost anyone from the mother herself to back alley abortions and even to abortions by clinics set up especially for this purpose. There are two sides to this abortion topic the PRO-LIFE which is those who are against abortionand the PRO-CHOICE or those who believe it is the womans right to choose if she wants to have an abortion. These two groups offer different solutions to problem. The pro-life solution is to have the child and basically live with it; they believe abortion is not an answer. The pro-choice solution is abortion because of reasons they feel are appropriate. Although our Catholic faith dictates that abortion is morally and ethically wrong, should it be legal for victims of rape or incest who have no other alternative? There is no real answer to this controversy, there are two sides to it though which have been arguing for many years over the subject. The Bible says very little on abortion, and this silence difficult to understand, because abortion was widely practiced during New Testament era in the Middle East. The Assyrians had a law concerning self-induced abortions as far back as the 12th century BCE. Despite the Bible failing to condemn the practice of abortion, it does place great emphasis on the value of life and on the worth of the fetus. Luke 1:42.Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. This statement by Elizabeth might imply that the pre-embryo that Mary was carrying is a child. Otherwise, she would have said blessed will be the fruit of thy womb. Luke 1:41 states when Elizabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb. Elizabeths fetuswas in an advanced stage of pregnancy. This verse states that she was in her 6th month, at a timewhen the fetus is probably viable. The verse might be intended to imply that a 6th month fetus has some degree of awareness of its environment, is capable of living independently, and should be considered as a pre-born human worthy of protection. It says nothing about a first trimester fetus without a functioning brain, consciousness or nervous system. This passage might be used toargue against the morality of a third-trimester abortion. One the other hand, the bible also can be interpreted as saying that abortion is ok. The dominant argument for pro-life is that a fetus is living, and therefore has a soul. Ezekiel 37:8-10 tells how Ezekiel was taken by the Lord to a valley which contained many dry, human bones. As he was prophesying, the bones came togethertendons and flesh appeared on them and skin covered them, but there was no breath inthem. That is, they looked like humans, but were in fact dead because they had no breath. He proph esied and breath entered them; they came to life and stood up on their feet The implication of this passage is that an apparently fully formed human is not a living person until itbreathes. This would seem to imply that a fetus is not alive until it takes its first breath, after birth. One the whole, the Bible takes no dominant stance on abortion. A large percent of both pro andanti abortion material found in the Bible is open for interpretation, further confusing the issue. After researching about abortion the solution that I find best fit to the abortion controversy is that although abortion is morally and ethically wrong there is no real alternatives for those who are victims of rape or incest. That is why the best solution to this controversy is to legalize abortion for those who are victims of these awful crimes. Although pro-life and victims of rape and incest state that abortion adds to the pain of these crimes, there is no other real solution. Most victims would agree that i t would be better to suffer through the pain of abortion than to have to live with a deformed child or even worse a child that is not really your own as a product of rape or incest. Victims of these crimes also report feeling dirty, guilty, sexually violated and have low self esteem. But is that as bad as having to be constantly reminded of the traumatic experience you went through everyday you see your child? Your child is a victim too! But the most obvious reason is the fact that a victim of rape or incest was violated against her will. She did not ask for it, and does not deserve it. She should not then have to deal with the child if she does not want to because it may lead to further complications for the victim and child. By further complications I mean mentally, physically, and emotionally. Many victims often go through long periods of depression when they are forced to keep the child because it often stirs unwanted memories. This is why abortion should be allowed or legal for those unfortunate few who have no other choice but to have an abortion or live with this great burden. Abortion on the other hand should not be legal for all. When a person chooses to have sex she is taking a chance. This she does of her own free will, and she has control over what she is doing. This is the total opposite of the rape victim. If a person decides to have sex whether it is safe or not, what happens after that is her responsibility as well as his. And if you are going to chose to participate in this risky and unsafe practice then you must be ready to pay the consequences. I also believe that a fetus is still a child contradictory to the beliefs of the Pro-Choice. I think that when two people create something like a child, even if it is as small as a fetus it should still be considered a child because it is a living breathing organism made by the two people. I think that even a fetus has rights to a good life, love and happiness no matter how small it is and no one shou ld be able to take that away from him. Therefore my solution to the abortion problem is it should be legal for only those who are victims of rape or incest if they so chose to have an abortion, but should be illegal for those who are not victims because they chose to do what they did and they must deal with what they have created. 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